A
ACAT (Aged Care Assessment Team) 老年护理评估团队
ACAS（维多利亚州的老年护理评估服务） ACAT或ACAS通常由医生、护士、社会工作者和其他联合卫生人员组成。他们的角色是评估老年人对护理和支持的需求，并就最适合他们的服务类型提出建议。要获得一些政府补贴的老年护理服务，包括家庭护理套餐和暂息服务，需要ACAT或ACAS的评估。
Advance Care Plan 预先护理计划
预先护理计划是一份文件，个人在其中指定他们对将来的健康护理或医疗干预的偏好。当一个人因严重疾病、受伤或他们的脑退化进展到无法沟通自己的偏好或作出决策时，预先护理计划便会生效。
Anxiety 焦虑
焦虑是一种紧张和压力的感觉，常伴随着担心的思想。焦虑的感觉可能导致身体变化，如心率增加或血压升高。在紧张的情况下，如进行记忆测试或看医生时，焦虑是正常的。当焦虑持续存在或非常强烈，并且干扰日常生活时，应该与医生或心理学家谈谈，因为有可以帮助的治疗方法。
Assistive Technology 辅助技术
辅助技术指的是一系列可能帮助简化日常任务或使其更安全的物品或软件。示例包括浴室扶手或坡道，或智能手机应用和电子摔倒探测器。
C
Care Plan 护理计划
护理计划是一个书面文件，记录了医疗团队、个人、护理人员和家庭成员之间做出的决定。护理计划可能包括临床诊断的细节、个人偏好、护理目标、治疗和管理以及风险评估。
Care worker 护理工作者
一位受雇工作人员，他们在家中或住宅护理中心支持某人。他们可能会帮助完成各种任务，包括洗澡和个人护理、家务、购物和社交活动。
Carer 护理者
护理者（也可能被称为家庭护理者、护理伙伴或支持者）是任何支持可能需要帮助的人的人。主要护理者是主要的支持者。支持可能是实际的（例如，交通、烹饪、预约）和情感的。护理者通常是家庭成员或朋友，不是有偿的。
Carers Australia 澳大利亚护理者协会
澳大利亚护理者协会是代表澳大利亚家庭护理者的全国倡导机构。澳大利亚护理者协会为护理者提供服务，并代表他们进行倡导。
Chronic Disease 慢性病
慢性病对人的生活质量有长期的影响。例如包括脑退化、关节炎、心理健康状况、背痛、癌症和心血管疾病。
Cognition 认知
认知描述了从记忆或感官（视觉、听觉、触觉、嗅觉或味觉）理解信息的过程，以及能够适当使用这些信息的能力。它还涉及执行功能，包括问题解决、注意力、社会意识和决策制定。脑退化可以改变从这些感官中获取的信息的感知和解释方式。
Cognitive Rehabilitation 认知康复
旨在通过重新学习认知技能（如推理、感知和思考）来改善认知功能的任何疗法。
Cognitive Stimulation Therapy
Therapy comprising a programme of structured activities, often within a small group, over several sessions led by a trained nurse, an occupational therapist, or a carer. Sessions are designed to improve mental abilities including attention, memory and language.
D
Dementia
Dementia refers to a group of conditions that may be caused by a range of diseases that affect the brain resulting in changes to brain function, thinking, behaviour, and the ability to carry out everyday tasks. It may be described as progressing over a range of stages: early/mild, moderate, and severe/advanced. The most common type of dementia is Alzheimer’s disease. Other common types include vascular dementia, frontotemporal dementia, or dementia associated with Parkinson’s disease.
Dementia Australia
Dementia Australia is the peak body representing people with dementia and families. Dementia Australia advocates for and provides a variety of services and supports for people of all ages living with all forms of dementia, and for their families and carers. Their mission is to enable people impacted by dementia to live as well as possible. They provide information, support services and research funding as well as education for aged and health care professionals.
Dementia Support Australia (DSA)
Dementia Support Australia is an Australian Government funded service the delivers telephone assistance 24/7, 365 days a year across Australia for carers of people living with dementia where behaviours are impacting on care. More intensive services are available on a needs-assessed basis.
Depression
Depression is a constant feeling of sadness and loss of interest, which may stop someone doing normal activities, for example eating and personal care or change their behaviour, level of engagement with others or everyday activities. Different types of depression exist, with symptoms ranging from relatively minor to severe. It may not be recognised in someone with dementia whose behaviour has changed as the condition develops.
Dietician
Dieticians provide advice on eating and nutrition and the impact this may have on overall health.
Disability
Impairment which may lead to disability can result from a range of disease processes or as a result of trauma, or be a consequence of birth. A person with disability may need some assistance (formal or, informal) to fully participate in society. This can be from family, other unpaid help or paid service providers. The services should be tailored to the individuals’ needs, or may enhance the social or physical environment. To live positively with dementia an individual may need proactive disability support, which may include rehabilitation.
E
Emotional resilience
Emotional resilience allows people to adapt to stressful situations, and cope better with life’s ups and downs. It helps people accept problems, live through difficulty and move on with life. Some small changes which can improve emotional resilience are: Setting boundaries, by being more assertive. If you know too much is being asked of you, practice being able to say no. Practice acceptance, as stress, pain and change are a part of living practice looking after yourself. By spending time trusted people, accepting their support, and talking about things that are difficult can help to keep things in perspective, and more positive.
Enablement
A process to support an individual to carry on completing everyday living tasks, when they may be struggling.
Enduring guardianship
An enduring guardian is a person legally appointed to make decisions about health and lifestyle issues, in the event that someone cannot make these decisions for themselves. An Enduring Guardian can be appointed by anyone over 18 years of age, who has the capacity to make their own choice.
Enduring power of attorney
An enduring power of attorney is a legal document used to appoint a person to make decisions about property or financial affairs in the event of loss of mental capacity. The person who makes an enduring power of attorney is known as ‘the principal’. The person who is appointed to make decisions is known as ‘the attorney’. The general principles of Powers of Attorney are the same Australia wide. Different legislation governs the precise rules in each State. By making an enduring power of attorney, people choose who they want to manage their financial affairs should they lose the mental capacity to do this.
Environment
A broad term which describes influences which have an impact on everyone’s life and quality of life. This may be place, where someone lives, works and inhabits, their social environment including connections with others, cultural and spiritual values which are of significance, and economic situations. All these combined can impact life, choices and quality.
F
Functional ability
Functional ability refers to an individual’s capacity to perform everyday activities.
G
Geriatrician
A doctor who specialises in diagnosing and providing medical treatment and care of older people, usually 65 years and above.
Guardianship Division, Civil and Administrative Tribunal
(State based, and may have a slight variance in title for each State and Territory). The Guardianship Division supports adults who are not capable of making their own decisions, who do need a legally appointed substitute decision maker. Applications may include: personal and lifestyle decisions, where someone lives, financial, consent for treatment, or reviewing enduring power of attorney or guardianships.
M
Memory
Memory is the ability to translate, store, retain and subsequently recall information and past experiences.
Mental Health Treatment plan, previously called Mental Health Plan
A person with mental health issues can have a mental health treatment plan, produced with their doctor, which identifies health care needs which have been agreed, and may also contain a referral to other local mental health services.
My Aged Care
My Aged Care is the starting point to access Australian Government-funded aged care services. Their phone line and website can help older Australians, their families and carers to get the help and support they need. My Aged Care will provide information about different types of aged care services, and their availability, assessment, referrals and information on costs.
N
National Disability Insurance Scheme (NDIS)
The National Disability Insurance Scheme (NDIS) is a national scheme that provides funding for people under the age of 65 with a permanent and significant disability. It allows them to access supports and services to help them in their daily life, connect with their community and achieve their goals. People living with younger onset dementia may be eligible to receive this funding.
Neurologist
A neurologist is a specialist medical practitioner skilled in the diagnosis and treatment of disease of the brain and nervous system.
O
Occupational therapist
Occupational therapists are allied health professionals who assess and treat patients with physical or mental disabilities to maintain and improve abilities activities of daily life (such as self-care skills, work, or social skills).
Old age psychiatrist
An old age psychiatrist is a specialist medical practitioner skilled in prevention, diagnosis and treatment of mental, emotional and behavioural issues. In older people, usually over 65 years of age. Old age psychiatrists are also referred to as psycho-geriatricians.
P
Perception
Perception is the ability to recognise something through the senses, but may also describe an individual’s view of a situation, and object or a situation.
Physiotherapist
A physiotherapist is an allied health professional who uses movement, exercise, manual therapy, education with people affected by injury, illness or disability. Physiotherapists aim to maintain health for people of all ages, helping patients to manage pain and prevent disease.
Practice Nurse
A practice nurse works in primary care (usually a General Practitioner’s surgery) and provides education, advice and support for a range of health issues, including dementia. They perform clinical procedures within their scope of practice.
Psychologist
Is a trained allied health professional who assesses and provided interventions to address the mental health needs and supports mood and behavioural disorders, including those associated with dementia.
R
Reablement
Short -term interventions aimed to assist in maintaining or improving aspects of functional ability.
Rehabilitation
Rehabilitation is an individualised approach used by rehabilitation specialists, nurses and allied health professional setting, to improve function following injury, illness or surgery.
S
Speech therapist
Speech therapists are allied health professionals focused on treating complications that affect speech, language, and swallowing abilities.
V
Visuo-spatial skills
This is the ability to organise visual information, interpret patterns and have the brain understand how objects fit in with each other.
W
Will
This is a legally enforceable document which states what will happen to a person’s assets after they die. It needs to meet prescribed legal requirements and will unambiguously state who are to be the beneficiaries.
Y
Younger onset dementia
This refers to a diagnosis of dementia received before the age of 65 years.
